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Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) - Uruguay (2001)

Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) z Uruguay (2001)

 British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)Uruguay (2001)
 British Indian Ocean TerritoryUruguay
Administrative divisions - 19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres
Age structure - 0-14 years:
24.39% (male 419,932; female 399,605)

15-64 years:
62.61% (male 1,038,785; female 1,064,891)

65 years and over:
13% (male 180,130; female 256,762) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - wheat, rice, barley, corn, sorghum; livestock; fish
Airports 1 (2001) 64 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
total:
15

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
5

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
49

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
16

under 914 m:
31 (2000 est.)
Area total: 60 sq km


land: 60 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago
total:
176,220 sq km

land:
173,620 sq km

water:
2,600 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than the state of Washington
Background Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order which had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia. A violent Marxist urban guerrilla movement, the Tupamaros, launched in the late 1960s, led Uruguay's president to agree to military control of his administration in 1973. By the end of the year the rebels had been crushed, but the military continued to expand its hold throughout the government. Civilian rule was not restored until 1985. Uruguay's political and labor conditions are among the freest on the continent.
Birth rate - 17.36 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$4 billion

expenditures:
$4.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $500 million (2000 est.)
Capital - Montevideo
Climate tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
Coastline 698 km 660 km
Constitution - 27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997
Country name conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory


conventional short form: none


abbreviation: BIOT
conventional long form:
Oriental Republic of Uruguay

conventional short form:
Uruguay

local long form:
Republica Oriental del Uruguay

local short form:
Uruguay

former:
Banda Oriental, Cisplatine Province
Currency - Uruguayan peso (UYU)
Death rate - 9.03 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $8 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador Christopher C. ASHBY

embassy:
Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo 11100

mailing address:
APO AA 34035

telephone:
[598] (2) 408-777, 203-6061

FAX:
[598] (2) 48 86 11
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador Hugo FERNANDEZ Faingold

chancery:
2715 M Street, NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 331-1313 through 1316

FAX:
[1] (202) 331-8142

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, and New York
Disputes - international Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; repatriation is complicated by the US military lease of Diego Garcia, the largest island in the chain none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. Uruguay's economy is characterized by an export-oriented agricultural sector, a well-educated workforce, relatively even income distribution, and high levels of social spending. After averaging growth of 5% annually in 1996-98, in 1999-2000 the economy suffered from lower demand in Argentina and Brazil, which together account for about half of Uruguay's exports. Despite the severity of the trade shocks, Uruguay's financial indicators remained more stable than those of its neighbors, a reflection of its solid reputation among investors and its investment-grade sovereign bond rating - one of only two in Latin America. Challenges for the government of President Jorge BATLLE include expanding Uruguay's trade ties beyond its MERCOSUR trade partners and reducing the costs of public services. GDP fell by 1.1% in 2000 and will grow by perhaps 1.5% in 2001.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh 5.89 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 215 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 800 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military 5.704 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
3.86%

hydro:
95.44%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.7% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Cerro Catedral 514 m
Environment - current issues NA water pollution from meat packing/tannery industry; inadequate solid/hazardous waste disposal
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups - white 88%, mestizo 8%, black 4%, Amerindian, practically nonexistent
Exchange rates - Uruguayan pesos per US dollar - 12.5610 (January 2001), 12.0996 (2000), 11.3393 (1999), 10.4719 (1998), 9.4418 (1997), 7.9718 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Commissioner Alan HUCKLE (since 2001); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
chief of state:
President Jorge BATLLE (since 1 March 2000) and Vice President Luis HIERRO (since 1 March 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Jorge BATLLE (since 1 March 2000) and Vice President Luis HIERRO (since 1 March 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president with parliamentary approval

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 31 October 1999 with run-off election on 28 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
Jorge BATLLE elected president; percent of vote - Jorge BATLLE 52% in a runoff against Tabare VAZQUEZ 44%
Exports - $2.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities - meat, rice, leather products, vehicles, dairy products, wool, electricity
Exports - partners - MERCOSUR partners 45%, EU 20%, US 7% (1999 est.)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag nine equal horizontal stripes of white (top and bottom) alternating with blue; there is a white square in the upper hoist-side corner with a yellow sun bearing a human face known as the Sun of May and 16 rays alternately triangular and wavy
GDP - purchasing power parity - $31 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
10%

industry:
28%

services:
62% (1999)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $9,300 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - -1.1% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 6 00 S, 71 30 E 33 00 S, 56 00 W
Geography - note archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility -
Highways total: NA km


paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and airfield on Diego Garcia


unpaved: NA km
total:
8,983 km

paved:
8,085 km

unpaved:
898 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $3.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities - road vehicles, electrical machinery, metal manufactures, heavy industrial machinery, crude petroleum
Imports - partners - MERCOSUR partners 43%, EU 20%, US 11% (1999 est.)
Independence - 25 August 1825 (from Brazil)
Industrial production growth rate - -2.1% (2000 est.)
Industries - food processing, electrical machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages
Infant mortality rate - 14.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 4.8% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMOGIP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UNTAET, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 7 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) 7,700 sq km (1997 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and elected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly)
Labor force - 1.5 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries 0 km total:
1,564 km

border countries:
Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km
Land use arable land: NEGL


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
arable land:
7%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
77%

forests and woodland:
6%

other:
10% (1997 est.)
Languages - Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero (Portuguese-Spanish mix on the Brazilian frontier)
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply based on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - bicameral General Assembly or Asamblea General consists of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (30 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and Chamber of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (99 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
Chamber of Senators - last held 31 October 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); Chamber of Representatives - last held 31 October 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Encuentro Progresista 12, Colorado Party 10, Blanco 7, New Sector/Space Coalition 1; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Encuentro Progresista 40, Colorado Party 33, Blanco 22, New Sector/Space Coalition 4
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
75.44 years

male:
72.11 years

female:
78.96 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
97.3%

male:
96.9%

female:
97.7% (1995 est.)
Location Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil
Map references Political Map of the World South America
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 3 NM
contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,752 GRT/5,228 DWT

ships by type:
petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016 -
Military branches - Army, Navy (includes Naval Air Arm, Coast Guard, Marines), Air Force, Police (Coracero Guard, Grenadier Guard)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $172 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 0.9% (FY98)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
817,535 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
661,777 (2001 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 25 August (1825)
Nationality - noun:
Uruguayan(s)

adjective:
Uruguayan
Natural hazards NA seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind which blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes in weather fronts
Natural resources coconuts, fish, sugarcane arable land, hydropower, minor minerals, fisheries
Net migration rate - -0.51 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Colorado Party [Jorge BATLLE]; National Party or Blanco [Alberto VOLONTE]; New Sector/Space Coalition or Nuevo Espacio [Rafael MICHELINI]; Progressive Encounter in the Broad Front or Encuentro Progresista [Tabare VAZQUEZ]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2002 est.)
3,360,105 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.78% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Diego Garcia Fray Bentos, Montevideo, Nueva Palmira, Paysandu, Punta del Este, Colonia, Piriapolis
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 94, FM 115, shortwave 14 (seven are inactive) (1998)
Radios NA 1.97 million (1997)
Railways - total:
2,073 km

standard gauge:
2,073 km 1.435-m gauge (2000)
Religions - Roman Catholic 66% (less than one-half of the adult population attends church regularly), Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, nonprofessing or other 31%
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available


domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet


international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
general assessment:
some modern facilities

domestic:
most modern facilities concentrated in Montevideo; new nationwide microwave radio relay network

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use NA 850,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 300,000 (2000)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 26 (plus ten low-power repeaters for the Montevideo station) (1997)
Terrain flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation) mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland
Total fertility rate - 2.36 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 14% (2000 est.)
Waterways none 1,600 km ( used by coastal and shallow-draft river craft)
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